TOI 540 b: A Planet Smaller than Earth Orbiting a Nearby Rapidly Rotating Low-mass Star

被引：21

作者：

Ment, Kristo ^{[1
]}

Irwin, Jonathan ^{[1
]}

Charbonneau, David ^{[1
]}

Winters, Jennifer G. ^{[1
]}

Medina, Amber ^{[1
]}

Cloutier, Ryan ^{[1
]}

Diaz, Matias R. ^{[2
]}

Jenkins, James S. ^{[2
,3
]}

Ziegler, Carl ^{[4
]}

Laws, Nicholas ^{[5
]}

Mann, Andrew W. ^{[5
]}

Ricker, George ^{[6
,7
]}

Vanderspek, Roland ^{[6
,7
]}

Latham, David W. ^{[1
]}

Seager, Sara ^{[6
,7
,8
,9
]}

Winn, Joshua N. ^{[10
]}

Jenkins, Jon M. ^{[11
]}

Goeke, Robert F. ^{[7
]}

Levine, Alan M. ^{[7
]}

Rojas-Ayala, Barbara ^{[12
]}

Rowden, Pamela ^{[13
]}

Ting, Eric B. ^{[11
]}

Twicken, Joseph D. ^{[11
,14
]}

机构：

[1] Harvard & Smithsonian, Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[2] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Camino Observ 1515, Santiago, Chile

[3] Ctr Astrofis & Tecnol Afines CATA, Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile

[4] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada

[5] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA

[6] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[7] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[8] MIT, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[9] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[10] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA

[11] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA

[12] Univ Tarapaca, Inst Alta Invest, Casilla 7D, Arica, Chile

[13] Open Univ, Sch Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England

[14] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA

来源：

ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL | 2021年 / 161卷 / 01期

基金：

美国国家航空航天局; 美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

Transit photometry; Exoplanets; Extrasolar rocky planets; Stellar rotation; ERROR-CORRECTION; TIME-SCALES; SEARCH; LIMIT;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-3881/abbd91

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We present the discovery of TOI 540 b, a hot planet slightly smaller than Earth orbiting the low-mass star 2MASS J05051443-4756154. The planet has an orbital period of P = 1.239149 days (+/- 170 ms) and a radius of r = 0.903 +/- 0.052R(circle plus), and is likely terrestrial based on the observed mass-radius distribution of small exoplanets at similar insolations. The star is 14.008 pc away and we estimate its mass and radius to be M = 0.159 +/- 0.014 M-circle dot and R = 0.1895 +/- 0.0079R(circle dot), respectively. The star is distinctive in its very short rotational period of P-rot = 17.4264 +/- 0.0094 hr and correspondingly small Rossby number of 0.007 as well as its high X-ray-to-bolometric luminosity ratio of L-X/L-bol = 0.0028 based on a serendipitous XMM-Newton detection during a slew operation. This is consistent with the X-ray emission being observed at a maximum value of L-X/L-bol similar or equal to 10(-3) as predicted for the most rapidly rotating M dwarfs. TOI 540 b may be an alluring target to study atmospheric erosion due to the strong stellar X-ray emission. It is also among the most accessible targets for transmission and emission spectroscopy and eclipse photometry with the James Webb Space Telescope, and may permit Doppler tomography with high-resolution spectroscopy during transit. This discovery is based on precise photometric data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and ground-based follow-up observations by the MEarth team.

引用

页数：12

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