Unusual fungal pathogens in fungal rhinosinusitis

Approximately 300 fungal species are known to cause mycotic disease in humans and other animals. More than 50 of these species are documented as agents of rhinosinusitis. Most such infections are caused by species of Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Alternaria, Bipolaris, and Curvularia. A growing number, however, has been attributed to lesser known fungi. Here, 38 fungi that are unusual causes of rhinosinusitis are tabulated and referenced in conjunction with their associated symptoms.