Influence of diabetes mellitus on the clinical manifestations and prognosis of infective endocarditis: A report from the International Collaboration on Endocarditis - Merged Database

The purpose of this investigation was to study the influence of diabetes mellitus (DM) on outcomes of infective endocarditis (IE). Outcomes were compared between 150 diabetic and 905 non-diabetic patients with IE from the International Collaboration on Endocarditis Merged Database. Compared to non-diabetic patients, diabetic patients were older (median age 63 vs 57 y, p < 0.001), were more often female (42.0% vs 31.9%, p = 0.01), more often had comorbidities (41.5% vs 26.7%, p < 0.001), and were more likely to be dialysis dependent (12.7% vs 4.0%, p < 0.001). S. aureus was isolated more often (30.7% vs 21.7%, p = 0.02), and microorganisms from the viridans Streptococcus group less often (16.7% vs 28.2%, p = 0.001) in the diabetic group. There was no difference with respect to the presence of congestive heart failure, embolism, intra-cardiac abscess, new valvular regurgitation, or valvular vegetation. Diabetic patients underwent surgical intervention less frequently (32.0% vs 44.9%, p = 0.003), and had higher overall in-hospital mortality (30.3% vs 18.6%, p = 0.001). On multivariable analysis, DM was an independent predictor of mortality (odds ratio (OR) = 1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08 - 2.70), especially in male patients, as diabetic males had higher mortality than non-diabetic males (OR 2.18, CI 1.08 - 4.35). DM is an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality among patients hospitalized with IE.