Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis by Posterior Border of Mandibular Ramus Osteotomy

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis (TMJA) is an anatomic and functional alteration of the TMJ surfaces, caused by the fusion of these surfaces by either bone or fibrous tissue. Several techniques are used for the treatment of TMJA. The following case report describes a 5-year-old boy who was diagnosed with TMJA. The treatment of choice is reconstruction of the condyle by sliding the posterior border of the mandibular ramus. Temporomandibular joint ankylosis treatment with vertical ramus osteotomy and mandibular posterior border repositioning offers minimizing the reduction in height or shortening of the mandibular posterior border. The postoperative period requires a multidisciplinary approach with an aggressive physiotherapy.