Breed and heterosis effects on carcass quantitatives traits of feedlot finished cull cows

Quantitative carcass traits of cull cows from two breeding systems, straightbreds (Charolais - C and Nellore - N) and crossbreds F1 1/2 CN and 1/2 NC, were evaluated. The cows were feedlot finished and fed with a 10% crude protein diet with 65% roughage, sorghum silage, and 35% concentrate. Objective and subjective measurements were taken from the cold carcasses. Charolais females showed higher slaughter weight (522.6 vs 462 kg) and cold carcass weight (255.8 vs 237.5 kg), conformation score (10.7 vs 7.76 points) and Longissimus dorsi area (64.08 vs 55.92 cm(2)). Whereas the Nellore were superior in dressing percentage (51.31 vs 48.93%) and subcutaneous fat thickness (8.22 vs 4.59 mm). Crossbred F1 females were superior to the straightbreds for slaughter weight (525.7 vs 492.3 kg), cold carcass weight (269.8 vs 246.6 kg), dressing percentage (51.3 vs 51.12%), conformation score (9.84 vs 9.24 points) and subcutaneous fat thickness (7.77 vs 6.40 mm), being the heterosis values 6.78, 9.41, 2.35, 6.49, and 21.40%, respectively. Crossing Charolais and Nellore resulted in cull cows with carcasses with high weight, good conformation and high degree of subcutaneous fat.