Based on the fixed total addition amount of fly ash and slag, the water requirement and setting time were discussed, and the effects of fly ash and slag ration on the hydration structure, hydration thermal dissipation and mechanical property of alite-barium calcium sulphoaluminate cement were investigated by the means of SEM analysis, differential thermal analysis and hydration calorimetric measurement. The experimental results showed that the water requirement decreased in the former period and was tending towards stability in the later period when the ratio of slag to fly ash added. While the setting time decreased with the ration of slag to fly ash rising. The compressive strength of the sample mixed both with slag and fly ash was between that of sample only mixed with slag and that of sample only mixed with fly ash. Appropriate ration of slag to fly ash had superimposed effect on the compressive strength of alite-barium calcium sulphoaluminate cement. The added slag and fly ash decreased dramatically hydration calorimetric of cement, especially for its early hydration calorimetric. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of Chinese Materials Research Society Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license.