Involvement of activated integrin α2β1 in the firm adhesion of platelets onto a surface of immobilized collagen under flow conditions

Recently, we demonstrated that. agonist-induced activation of the platelet surface collagen-receptor integrin alpha(1)beta(2) converts it to an active form that can bind soluble collagen with high affinity (Jung, SM, Moroi, M: J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 14827-37). Here, the involvement of alpha(2)beta(1) activation and the high affinity binding property of activated alpha(2)beta(1) in platelet adhesion to a collagen surface under flow conditions were analyzed. Platelet adhesion to immobilized collagen was measured in the presence of TS2/16, an activating anti-integrin alpha(2)beta(1) antibody, and inhibiting antibodies, Gi9 and 6F1. TS2/16 decreased the moving velocity of platelets on the collagen surface, but Gi9 and 6F1 increased it, indicating that alpha(2)beta(1) activation induces the tight binding of platelets to immobilized collagen under flow. Platelet adhesion, expressed as the surface area occupied by adhered platelets, in the presence of TS2/16 was similar to that in its absence. In contrast, adding Gi9 or 6F1 caused biphasic adhesion composed of a first phase, a lag phase whose length differed in each experiment, and a second phase adhesion with a rate similar to that of the control. This biphasic adhesion indicates that alpha(2)beta(1) activity is inhibited and also suggests that some other factor(s) may contribute to the adhesion under flow. At concentrations where neither 6F1 nor Gi9 affected collagen-induced aggregation, these antibodies inhibited soluble collagen binding to thrombin-activated platelets. Only at much higher concentration did 6F1 inhibit collagen-induced aggregation. TS2/16 had no effect on the aggregation. The present results are evidence against the major involvement of integrin alpha(2)beta(1) in platelet aggregation; instead, they indicate that integrin alpha(2)beta(1), would be mainly associated with the tight binding of platelets to collagen.