Time integrators for shells in multibody dynamics

Energy preserving/decaying schemes are presented for the simulation of the non-linear multibody systems involving shell components. The proposed schemes are designed to meet four specific requirements: unconditional non-linear stability of the scheme, a rigorous treatment of both geometric and material non-linearities, exact satisfaction of the constraints, and the presence of high frequency numerical dissipation. The kinematic non-linearities associated with arbitrarily large displacements and rotations of shells are treated in a rigorous manner, and the material non-linearities can be handled when the constitutive laws stein from the existence of a strain energy density function. The efficiency and robustness of the proposed approach is illustrated with specific numerical examples that also demonstrate the need for integration schemes possessing high frequency numerical dissipation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.