Aptamer-Based Electrochemical Biosensors

The aptamers are DNA or RNA oligonucleotides selected in vitro that can bind their targets with high affinity and high specificity. As a kind of new and special recognition molecules, the aptamers present notable advantages over conventional recognition molecules, such as antibody, thus they have received great attention and been widely utilized in various fields involving molecular recognition and relevant applications, especially in biosensing. In this review, we briefly summarize the recent progress of aptamer-based electrochemical biosensors, involving introduction of aptamer and "signal-on" type, "signal-off" type, enzyme-labeled, nanoparticle-labeled and nonlabeled aptamer-based electrochemical biosensors.