Three-dimensional mandibular motion in skeletal Class III patients

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the characteristics and changes in mandibular condylar motion in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion. Methods: Using a 3D motion analyzer, mandibular movements were recorded in 9 patients with skeletal Class Ill malocclusion and 22 control subjects with Angle Class I jaw relationships. Results: Class III patients had a similar interincisor point displacement but a significantly reduced displacement of both condyles on the sagittal and frontal planes, with smaller translation paths than control subjects (right -9.4 mm; left -4.8 mm). The overall condylar rotation component was larger in Class III patients (right +8.8%; left +7.3%). The largest inter-group significant differences were observed in the first 10% of mouth opening, in which Class III patients had a larger rotating component than control subjects (+20%, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Condylar motion was reduced in skeletal Class III patients, in particular in the translational path.