Microscopic theory of the two-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet in a paramagnetic phase

We have developed a consistent theory of the Heisenberg quantum antiferromagnet in the disordered phase with a short range antiferromagnetic order on the basis of the path integral for spin coherent states. In the framework of our approach we have obtained the response function for the spin fluctuations for all values of the frequency w and the wave vector k and have calculated the free energy of the system. We have also reproduced the known results for the spin correlation length in the lowest order in 1/N. We have presented the Lagrangian of the theory in a form which is explicitly invariant under rotations and found natural variables in terms of which one can construct a natural perturbation theory. The Short wave spin fluctuations are similar to those in the spin wave theory and they are on the order of the smallness parameter 1/2 s where s is the spin magnitude. The long-wave spin fluctuations are governed by the nonlinear sigma model and are on the order of the smallness parameter 1/N, where N is the number of field components. We also have shown that the short wave spin fluctuations must he evaluated accurately and the continuum limit in time of the path integral must be per-formed after the summation over the frequencies w. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).