We report 12 new records of marine gobioid fishes from Taiwan, including 11 species of Gobiidae: Amblygobius nocturnus (Herre, 1945); Asterropteryx spinosus (Goren, 1981); Eviota sebreei Jordan and Seale, 1906; Fusigobius duospilus Hoese and Reader, 1985; Gobiodon fulvus Herre, 1927; Gobiodon unicolor (Castenlnau, 1873); Mahidolia mystacina (Valenciennes, 1837); Trimma grammistes (Tomiyama, 1936); Trimma okinawae (Aoyagi, 1949); Valenciennea muralis (Valenciennes, 1837), and Valenciennea puellaris (Tomiyama, 1956); and 1 species of Microdesmidae: Parioglossus formosus (Smith, 1931). Among these, Mahidolia Smith, 1932 is a new record of this genus from Taiwan. Additionally, we confirm the presence of 2 other gobiids in Taiwan: Barbuligobius boehlkei Lachner and Mckinney, 1974 and Eviota saipanensis Fowler, 1945. Diagnostic characters, distribution, remarks, and color photos of each species are given.