Can visual feedback effect perspective-taking behavior in young children?

Three experiments were conducted, which focused on the ability of young children to infer another's view when they were asked to put toy animals on the table facing a camera opposite them. In Experiment 1, with 92 young children (4-, 5-, and 6-year-olds), two kinds of egocentric responses were found; egocentric response for the front-back and for the right-left relationships. In experiment 2, with fifty-six 5-year-old kindergarteners, a video feedback training procedure was introduced. The training was successful in improving the egocentrism for the front-back and the right-left relationships, but in the latter there remained the possibility that the successful subjects had learned the strategy of replacing the left-hand animal with the right-hand one to get the correct answer. In experiment 3, with 64 kindergarteners (5-year-olds and 6-year-olds), a feedback procedure using a Polaroid camera was found less effective, because the percentages of self-correction after the feedback were very low.