RETRACTED: Health Risk Assessment on Rural Water Quality in Mingshan County, China (Retracted Article)

Based on ArcGIS and the feature analysis for the water environment and the source identification of water environmental health risks in a typical area in the western edge of Sichuan basin-Mingshan County in Ya'an City of Sichuan Province, China, this study tested the water quality of 41 drinking water sources, applied the health risk evaluation model recommended by USEPA (U. S. Environmental Protection Agency) to calculate and analyze the rural drinking water quality carcinogenic risk(R) and non-carcinogenic risk(hazard index, HI), and drew risk maps including single-factor and integrate factors of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic substances, the maps were in good agreement with the known spatial distribution of water quality contamination, applied the Tobit regression model to inspect significance and modeling results of HI, pointed out that the first 4 pollutants risk index of water sources were arsenic, fluoride, nitrate and iron, and suggested these 4 kinds of pollutants should be monitored specially. The study revealed the risk level, primary and secondary pollutants, governance priorities, formation mechanism, and provided a scientific basis for risk management for the rural drinking water quality in the study area.