In vitro antioxidant, anticholinesterases, anti-α-amylase, and anti-α-glucosidase effects of Algerian Salvia aegyptiaca and Salvia verbenaca

In this study,Salvia aegyptiacaandSalvia verbenacaaerial part decoction and methanol extracts (SAE DE, SAE ME, SVR DE, and SVR ME) were screened for their in vitro antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, and antidiabetic enzymes inhibition activities. The antioxidant properties ofSalviaextracts were determined using DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS radical scavenging, Alkaline DMSO superoxide radical scavenging, beta-carotene bleaching, reducing power, and metal chelating activity assays. All extracts showed high antioxidant capacity and the antioxidant properties with the best performance were detected in the SAE ME and SVR ME. The extracts ofS. aegyptiacaandS. verbenacashowed a low inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), whereas, the methanol extract ofS. aegyptiacahad the highest inhibitory activity on butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (71.60 +/- 4.33% for 100 mu g/ml) compared to the other extracts. In vitro inhibitory effect on diabetic enzymes showed that the ME inhibited alpha-amylase enzyme with an IC50 86 and 101 mu g/ml for SAE and SVR, respectively. Similarly, both extracts inhibited alpha-glucosidase with (IC50 97 and 150 mu g/ml, respectively). The decoction extracts exhibited lower activity on both enzymes. Practical applications It is becoming evident that oxidative stress is involved in several acute and chronic diseases. Counteracting free radical generation has become one of the widest fields of research worldwide. This study deals with the in vitro antioxidant activity of two plants from theSalviagenus as well as the assessment of their in vitro inhibitory properties of four key enzymes implicated in diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Concerning the practical applications of our work, it can be explored in its antioxidant part as a food supplement to prevent the excess of free radicals in the body and also in other industrial practices. Another potential use is in the prevention and amelioration of both diabetes and Alzheimer's disease symptoms for the extracts that had enzyme inhibitory activity, but this deserves further toxicological and in vivo studies.