Universal form for quark and lepton mass matrices

We propose a universal form for quark and lepton mass matrices, which applies in a "leading order" approximation where CP-violating phases are ignored. Down-quark mass ratios are successfully predicted in our scheme using the measured Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing angles as input. Assuming an additional discrete symmetry in the neutrino sector, we obtain the "golden ratio" pattern in the leading-order Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata(PMNS) mixing matrix; in addition we predict an inverted neutrino mass hierarchy with m(1) similar or equal to m(2) similar or equal to 74 meV, m(3) similar or equal to 55 meV, and neutrinoless double beta decay mass parameter m(0 nu beta beta) similar or equal to 33 meV. When CP-violating phases are included, our scheme suggests a residual Z(2) antiunitary symmetry of the neutrino mass matrix, in which the interchange of mu and tau neutrinos is accompanied by a time reversal transformation, thus predicting that the CP-violating angle in the neutrino sector is close to the maximal value delta = +/-pi/2, and that the diagonal phases in the PMNS matrix are alpha(1) similar or equal to 0, alpha(2) similar or equal to pi.