Sketch Maps and Qualitative GIS: Using Cartographies of Individual Spatial Narratives in Geographic Research

被引:127
|
作者
Boschmann, E. Eric [1 ]
Cubbon, Emily [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Denver, Dept Geog, Denver, CO 80208 USA
来源
PROFESSIONAL GEOGRAPHER | 2014年 / 66卷 / 02期
关键词
job access; LGBT; mental maps; qualitative GIS; sketch maps; ??????????????? (LGBT); ? GIS; acceso al trabajo; mapas mentales; SIG cualitativos; mapas de boceto; INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; WORLD; VISUALIZATION; CRIME; CITY; FEAR;
D O I
10.1080/00330124.2013.781490
中图分类号
P9 [自然地理学]; K9 [地理];
学科分类号
0705 ; 070501 ;
摘要
Mental and sketch maps have a long tradition in modern geography. Little theoretical and methodological distinction has been made, however, between different hand mapping approaches. Mental maps emerged from behavioral geography of the spatial science tradition as a technique to understand human behaviors based on peoples' perceptions of their spatial environment. More recently, sketch maps have been used in participatory and qualitative geographic information systems (QGIS) to develop cartographies of group and individual spatial narratives. They are a tool that helps achieve QGIS's objectives of collecting unique spatial data of individual experiences, visualizing socio-spatial processes, breaking down particular barriers of positionality in research, and developing new uses of GIS. Two case studies illustrate the use of sketch maps in research, including a project examining job accessibility among working poor individuals and a study of the experiences of fear and safety in public spaces among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community members. Sketch maps in QGIS have many methodological merits. They add an invaluable dimension to the qualitative interview process, offer countermapping perspectives, generate detailed spatial information of individuals, and facilitate data interpretation. ????????????????????????????????, ?????????????????????????????????, ?????????????, ?????????????, ?????????????? (QGIS) ??????????????????????????? QGIS ??????????????????????????????????????, ????GIS????????????????????????????????, ?????????????????, ???????????????????????????????? QGIS ???????????????, ????????????????????????????????????????, ????????? Los mapas mentales y los de esbozo, o boceto cartografico, tienen una larga tradicion en la geografia moderna. No obstante, es muy poca la distincion teorica y metodologica que se ha hecho entre los diferentes enfoques del mapeo manual. Los mapas mentales surgieron en la geografia conductual de la tradicion espacial cientifica como una tecnica para entender las conductas humanas a partir de las percepciones que la gente tiene de su entorno espacial. Mas recientemente, los bocetos cartograficos se han usado en sistemas de informacion geografica cualitativa (SIGC) de tipo participativo, para desarrollar cartografias de narrativas espaciales grupales e individuales. Estas cartografias son una herramienta de apoyo a los objetivos de los SIGC de recolectar datos espaciales unicos a partir de experiencias individuales, visualizando procesos socio-espaciales, echando abajo barreras particulares de posicionalidad en investigacion y desarrollando nuevos usos para los SIG. El uso de las cartografias de boceto en investigacion se ilustra con dos estudios de caso, que incluyen un proyecto para examinar la accesibilidad al trabajo entre trabajadores pobres, y un estudio de las experiencias de temor y seguridad en los espacios publicos entre miembros de las comunidades de lesbianas, gays, bisexuales y transexuales. Los mapas de boceto en los SIGC tienen muchos meritos metodologicos. Ellos agregan una invaluable dimension al proceso de la entrevista cualitativa, ofrecen nuevas perspectivas opuestas a la ortodoxia cartografica, generan informacion espacial detallada de los individuos y facilitan la interpretacion de datos.
引用
收藏
页码:236 / 248
页数:13
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