Self-Reported Peer Victimization and Child Mental Health: Results of a Cross-Sectional Survey Among French Primary School Children

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of peer victimization among primary school-aged children, to identify mental health and social correlates, and to assess health care services use. Methods: One hundred schools and 25 children (6-11 years old) per school were randomly selected in a large French region. Data were collected using standardized self-administered questionnaires to parents (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire) and children (Dominic Interactive). Three drawings depicting situations of victimization were added to the 91 standard questions of the Dominic interactive. The categories of victimization considered were as follows: bullied, assaulted not scared, and scared not assaulted (categories mutually exclusive). Results: Complete data were available for 1,274 children (54.4%). The prevalence of bullied children, assaulted not scared, and scared not assaulted was 21.0%, 19.6%, and 19.7%, respectively. Bullied children were characterized by their vulnerability: young age (6-8 yr) and chronic illness. The main correlates were self-reported symptoms of anxiety, major depressive disorder, and parent-reported peer relationship difficulties. Victimization was not associated with higher access to mental health services (odds ratio = 1.0; 95% confidence interval = 0.5-2.1). Except for children who suffered chronic illness, access to physicians was less frequent for bullied children (odds ratio = 0.3; 95% confidence interval = 0.2-0.7). Conclusion: Peer victimization was frequent in schools, even in primary schools. Our findings highlight the need for public health interventions in schools and the role of physicians in detecting children at risk.