Translocation through the nuclear pore complex

The nuclear transport field has completed a decade of fast-paced research dominated by the discovery of transport signals, receptors, and regulators. What might be considered the Holy Grail of nuclear transport - the physical basis of translocation through the nuclear pore - is now under close scrutiny. Recent publications describe structural and biochemical approaches that help address key aspects of the translocation mechanism. These studies have led to the affinity gradient, Brownian affinity gate and selective phase models of translocation.