Effects of OTA's nonidealities on bandpass OTA-based Tow-Thomas biquad and compensation via simulated annealing algorithm

In this work, the practical response of a very compact version of OTA-based TT biquad which is not suitable to compensate with regular methods, is compensated by the use of SA algorithm. For effective compensation, the OTA nonidealities are precisely defined based on the commercially available OTA, LM13700 from National Semiconductor. The initial solution is obtained via the ordinary method of an analogue filter design based on the utilization of ideal-OTA-based transfer function which provides the response that is much deviated from the desired bandpass response especially in the pole frequency closing to the OTA's finite bandwidth. The MATLAB is used as the tool for implementing the compensation process, while the results which are the circuit parameters are being verified by the OrCAD PSPICE simulation. Using the SSE based cost function; the simulation displays the significant improvement of the compensated response compared to the initial solution but still not acceptable. To retrieve the remarkable response, the weighted SSE is utilized while maintaining others parameters.