An analysis of the determinants of urinary urea and creatinine clearance in patients on continuous peritoneal dialysis

The relative contribution of urinary volume (UV) an urine-to-plasma concentration ratios for urea (U/P-Ur) and creatinine (U/P-Cr) to urinary Kt/V urea (Kt/V-U) and urinary uncorrected creatinine clearance (CCrU), respectively, was studied by simple and multiple linear regression analysis in 236 urea kinetic studies and 233 creatinine kinetic studies performed in 135 patients on continuous peritoneal dialysis (CPD). The following simple regressions were obtained: Kt/V-U = 0.09 + 0.72(UV), r = 0.75; Kt/V-U = -0.01 + 0.11 (U/P-Ur), r = 0.55; CCrU = 12.06 + 56.46 + 46.46 (UV), r = 0.62; CCrU = 3.51 + 3.40(U/P-Cr), r = 0.58. All r values were significant (p < 0.0001). According to these regressions, a loss of 0.2 L/24 hours in UV leads to a loss of 0.15 weekly in Kt/V-U and 11.3 L/1.73 m(2) weekly in uncorrected CCrU (approximately 8 L/1.73 m(2) weekly in corrected CCrU). By multiple linear regression, (1) Kt/V-U = -0.38 + 0.70(UV) + 0.10(U/P-Ur). Standardized coefficients were 0.72 for UV and 0.51 for U/P-Ur. (2) CCrU = -33.36 + 59.83 (UV) + 3.63 (U/P-Cr). Standardized coefficients were 0.65 for UV and 0.61 for U/P-Cr. UV is the most important determinant of both urea and creatinine urinary clearances in CPD patients. The contribution of the U/P ratios to the urinary clearances is important, but less than that of UV. The primary dependence of urinary clearances on UV allows the use of UV, which can be easily monitored by patients, as a first approximation index of changing residual renal function in CPD.