The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose To evaluate the overall prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in interstitial lung disease (ILD). Methods We performed a systematic search of the academic literature while adhering to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines on four scientific databases including EMBASE, CENTRAL, Scopus, and MEDLINE. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence and severity of OSA. Severity was defined by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) as mild (AHI >= 5 to < 15/h), moderate (AHI >= 15 to < 30/h), and severe (AHI >= 30/h). Results From 1397 studies, we found 10 eligible studies with 569 patients with ILD (mean age: 65.3 +/- 6.0 years). Among these patients, 332 (61%) suffered from OSA with 32% categorized as mild, 17% moderate, and 9% severe. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis provides preliminary evidence regarding the high prevalence of OSA in ILD.