Synchronized Region based Clustering for Energy Saving in Wireless Sensor Networks

Increasing the life time expectancy is one of the major chalenges in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) s. Energy consumption in WSNs is mainly due to the sensing and the transmission capabilities of the sensor nodes. In this paper, we propose an energy-saving multi-hop clustering which balances the position of powerful nodes in the sensor network and hence reduces the total energy dissipation of the nodes. Knowing the base station position and having a variable number of sensor nodes that are deployed randomly, the nodes are clustered using distinct synchronized regions, where a Cluster Heads (CH) is being specified in each region. Instead of using a circle to each cluster, we found out that it is more effective to use a rectangle which cover all the area and take all the spaces of the area into consideration, allowing all the nodes to participate in the transmission. We introduce the location based routing protocol to indicate the location of each node which is available by communicating with a satellite using GPS when nodes are equipped with a small low power GPS receiver. Simulation result of our proposed approach shows that the new algorithm can reduce energy consumption comparing to LEACH protocol by up to 20 percent and obviously improves the network lifetime.