The analysis was performed regarding possible mechanisms of the interdependent functioning of neurons in the connectome, including the topographically connected areas of the neocortex, hippocampus, basal ganglia, cerebellum, thalamus, and various nuclei of the central nervous system associated with them. These mechanisms are based on known results of morphological and electrophysiological studies, on previously formulated unitary modification and modulation rules for the efficacy of synaptic transmission as well as on results of earlier performed analysis of functioning of the hippocampal formation, cerebellum and cortico - basal ganglia - thalamocortical neural loops. The cerebellum affects the neocortex and basal ganglia through the thalamic nuclei that are topographically connected with them. The cerebellum can influence functioning of the hippocampus through the thalamic nucleus reuniens, retrosplenial and prefrontal cortical areas, medial septum, and supramammillary nucleus. The hippocampus can affect the functioning of the cerebellum through the neocortex and pontine nuclei, as well as through the basal ganglia, which output nuclei send projections to the subthalamic nucleus and the pedunculopontine nucleus. The basal ganglia, cerebellum, and subthalamic nucleus affect motor activity through the red nucleus. Taking into account the topographic organization of connections between structures, it has been suggested that the brain can be considered as a global connectome, consisting of separate, similarly organized connectomes, each participating in the processing of a certain type of information. Each of these connectomes includes one neocortical area, one thalamic nucleus associated with it, as well as the corresponding areas of the basal ganglia and subthalamic nucleus. The functioning mechanisms of these connectomes are of the same type. The performed analysis of the mechanisms of the interdependent functioning of neurons in the connectome is of interest for understanding the mechanisms of functioning of the global connectome, in which the processing of multi-modal sensory information, its perception and the selection of the required reaction take place. It is assumed that the default mode network of the brain that includes the higher areas of the neocortex is a part of the global connectome that functions at a rest state. Comparison of mechanisms of functioning of each of the connectomes in normal and pathological conditions should make it possible to evaluate existing methods of treating neurological diseases and facilitate targeted search for new methods of treatment.
