Implementation of a recovery plan for the endangered Indiana bat

The Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis) has been listed officially as endangered since 1967. The species was listed because it was and remains exceptionally vulnerable to disturbance and destruction during the winter hibernation season. This is because a high proportion of its population congregates during winter in a small number of caves and mines. Despite protection of many of these hibernacula, the overall population has continued to decline. Declines are not universal, however, throughout the species' range. The population in the southern portion of the Indiana bat's range has suffered disproportionately and lost numbers, while in the northern Midwest and northeast it has maintained or increased numbers during the same time period. At this time, the Indiana Bat Recovery Plan is being revised. The foremost need identified in the plan is research into the cause or causes of the observed declines and the reasons for the disparity in population trends in the different parts of the species' range. It still is important, however, for Indiana bat colonies in caves and mines to be protected during hibernation, and for management authorities to attempt to restore colonies that have declined in or been excluded from historic hibernacula. It also is possible to manage for summer colonies of Indiana bats by enhancing or restoring surface habitat to conditions favorable for the species. Mining concerns and regulatory agencies can participate in the recovery of the endangered Indiana bat in both winter and summer by (1) identifying mines that are occupied by the species and protecting them, and (2) restoring surface mine landscapes to forested conditions.