Genetic association between eNOS gene polymorphisms and risk of carotid atherosclerosis A meta-analysis

Background. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) has been reported to be involved in the atherosclerotic process. A number of studies have investigated the association between eNOS gene polymorphisms and the risk of carotid atherosclerosis (CAS). However, the results are conflicting and inconclusive. The aim of this study was to evaluate precisely the association between the eNOS T786C, G894T, and 4a/4b polymorphisms and CAS risk. Material and methods. A meta-analysis was carried out by retrieving relevant studies from PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Cochrane databases without a restriction on publication year. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to describe the strength of the association with CAS. Results. Data were obtained from eight case-control studies comprising 2975 cases and 2624 controls. Significant associations were detected between the allelic and recessive models of the eNOS T786C polymorphism (allelic: p=0.04; OR, 95% CI=1.57 [1.01, 2.44]; recessive: p=0.03; OR, 95% CI=1.53 [1.04, 2.24]), as well as the allelic and dominant models of the eNOS 4a/4b polymorphism, and CAS risk in an Asian subgroup (allelic: p=0.02; OR, 95% CI=1.49 [1.07, 2.07]; dominant: p=0.01; OR, 95% CI= 1.50 [1.09, 2.05]), but not in a Caucasian subgroup (p > 0.05). No association was observed between the eNOS G894T polymorphism and CAS risk (p > 0.05). Conclusion. Our study provides evidence that the allelic and recessive models of the eNOS T786C polymorphism and the allelic and dominant models of the eNOS 4a/4b polymorphismmay increase the risk of CAS in Asian populations.