Design based on in-situ and laboratory tests in soft glacial soil

Glacial soils deposited during the ice age by advancing and retreating glaciers and associated rivers in the Alps have left heterogeneous, locally variable and often deep deposits. Based on the following case histories from the past two decades experience with in-situ tests, mainly Flat Dilatometer, DMT; Cone Penetration tests CPT, and laboratory tests and performance monitoring will be shown in perspective Of.. embankment adjacent to a cut on slightly pre-consolidated glacial clay, cut-and cover tunnel in ice-marginal glacial clays and sands and postglacial clays, trench for an underpass in soft clay beneath a viaduct founded on piles and avalanche gallery that had under went large settlements on loose silt. The characteristics can be more reliably evaluated with a combination of in-situ and laboratory tests, resulting in a more complete picture of the complex ground properties of the layers.