Psychotherapy with an Autonomous Artifical Intelligence - Ethical Benefits and Challenges

被引:1
|
作者
Kuhn, Eva [1 ]
Fiske, Amelia [2 ]
Henningsen, Peter [3 ]
Buyx, Alena [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Klinikum Bonn, Inst Hyg & Offentl Gesundheit, Sekt Global Hlth, Bonn, Germany
[2] Tech Univ Munich, Inst Geschichte & Eth Med, Ismaninger Str 22, D-81675 Munich, Germany
[3] Tech Univ Munich, Klin Psychosomat Med & Psychother, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Munich, Germany
关键词
cognitive behavioural therapy; robotics; medical ethics; risk-benefit assessment; patient autonomy;
D O I
10.1055/a-1369-2938
中图分类号
R749 [精神病学];
学科分类号
100205 ;
摘要
Zusammenfassung Ziel der Studie Dieser Beitrag bietet eine Zusammenschau ethischer Aspekte, die beim Einsatz einer autonomen, virtuellen oder verkorperten Kunstlichen Intelligenz (KI) in der Gesundheitsversorgung psychisch Erkrankter tangiert sind. Methodik Die Zusammenschau basiert auf einer thematischen Literaturrecherche. Sie orientiert sich an der Prinzipienethik und wird durch das Konzept der epistemischen (Un-)Gerechtigkeit erweitert. Ergebnis Neben der Chancen-Risiken-Abwagung sind die (digitale) Gesundheitskompetenz, Zugangsgerechtigkeit, Fragen der Unter- oder Fehlversorgung sowie eine Anpassung der informierten Einwilligung in den Blick zu nehmen. Schlussfolgerung Die ethische Beurteilung autonomer KI in der Psychotherapie ist weiterhin ergebnisoffen; zu viele klinische, ethische, rechtliche und praktische Fragen sind noch zu klaren. Vor der Implementierung mussen Gutekriterien fur die KI-Anwendung sowie Leitlinien fur ihren klinischen Einsatz entwickelt werden. Abstract Objective This paper provides an overview of a range of ethical aspects involved in the use of autonomous, virtual or embodied artificial intelligence (AI) in the care of people with mental health issues. Methodology The overview is based on a thematic literature review. It is guided by the principles of biomedical ethics together with the concept of epistemic (in)justice. Results In addition to a risk-benefit analysis, (digital) health literacy, equity of access, issues of under- or misuse of care, and an adaptation of informed consent need to be considered. Conclusion The ethical assessment of autonomous AI in psychotherapy remains open; too many clinical, ethical, legal, and practical questions remain to be addressed. Quality criteria for AI application as well as guidelines for its clinical use need to be developed before wider clinical implementation.
引用
收藏
页码:S26 / S30
页数:5
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