Turbulent electron thermal transport in tokamaks

The origin of anomalous electron thermal turbulence from spatial gradients in magnetized plasmas is described. Laboratory experiments demonstrating key features of drift waves are reviewed. The turbulent electromagnetic fields produce an anomalous transport that scales with both the gradient parameters and microscopic plasma scale length parameters. The change from the micro-scale dominated gyro-Bohm to the macro-scale dominated Bohm scaling laws is discussed. The close correlations between the electron turbulent transport theory and the confinement properties measured in the steady state hot electron plasmas produced in tokamak devices are presented.