Demystifying artificial intelligence in pharmacy

被引:33
|
作者
Nelson, Scott D. [1 ]
Walsh, Colin G. [2 ]
Olsen, Casey A. [3 ]
McLaughlin, Andrew J. [4 ]
LeGrand, Joseph R. [5 ]
Schutz, Nick [6 ]
Lasko, Thomas A. [1 ]
机构
[1] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biomed Informat, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
[2] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biomed Informat Med & Psychiat, Nashville, TN USA
[3] Aurora Hlth, Downers Grove, IL USA
[4] Cerner Corp, Kansas City, MO USA
[5] Vanderbilt Univ, HealthIT, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA
[6] North Mem Hlth, Robbinsdale, MN USA
关键词
artificial intelligence; machine learning; medical decision making; neural networks; prediction; medication systems; USERS GUIDES; LEARNING ALGORITHM; MEDICAL LITERATURE; NEURAL-NETWORKS; DIAGNOSTIC-TEST; RISK SCORE; PREDICTION; REGRESSION; MODELS; CLASSIFICATION;
D O I
10.1093/ajhp/zxaa218
中图分类号
R9 [药学];
学科分类号
1007 ;
摘要
Purpose. To provide pharmacists and other clinicians with a basic understanding of the underlying principles and practical applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medication-use process. Summary. "Artificial intelligence" is a general term used to describe the theory and development of computer systems to perform tasks that normally would require human cognition, such as perception, language understanding, reasoning, learning, planning, and problem solving. Following the fundamental theorem of informatics, a better term for AI would be "augmented intelligence," or leveraging the strengths of computers and the strengths of clinicians together to obtain improved outcomes for patients. Understanding the vocabulary of and methods used in AI will help clinicians productively communicate with data scientists to collaborate on developing models that augment patient care. This primer includes discussion of approaches to identifying problems in practice that could benefit from application of AI and those that would not, as well as methods of training, validating, implementing, evaluating, and maintaining AI models. Some key limitations of AI related to the medication-use process are also discussed. Conclusion. As medication-use domain experts, pharmacists play a key role in developing and evaluating AI in healthcare. An understanding of the core concepts of AI is necessary to engage in collaboration with data scientists and critically evaluating its place in patient care, especially as clinical practice continues to evolve and develop.
引用
收藏
页码:1556 / 1570
页数:15
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