The Interrelation of Lean and Green Manufacturing Practices: A Case of Push or Pull in Implementation

Literature in the environmental sustainability field has underscored the importance of "Sustainability" as a driver of innovation. In this mindset firms seek new approaches of how companies deliver value to their customers, the impact on the environment of these value delivery activities, and the resulting societal welfare created by changing the way products and processes are created. As companies rethink their business models to facilitate sustainability, they also find themselves looking for new manufacturing approaches to meet the challenges of competition. In this environment, companies are implementing Lean manufacturing to improve organizational performance and are introducing cLean practices to achieve environmental sustainability. Therefore, the main goal of this study is to analyze how companies can integrate Lean and Green production principles in order to take advantage of their synergistic effects and reach competitiveness in accordance with the objectives of sustainable development.