Philosophical Theology and Science in Medieval Christianity and Islam: A Comparative Perspective

The disparity between the evolution of Islam and Greek Christianity and that of Latin Christianity derives from their different reception of the Aristotelian-based philosophical theology developed in medieval times. Latin Christendom alone declared this theology orthodox and embraced the derivative claim that reason leads to God as surely as revelation. These assumptions created an intellectual climate for the accelerated development of science and technology in post-medieval Latin Christendom.