Short-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and daily mortality in London, UK

被引:75
|
作者
Atkinson, Richard W. [1 ,2 ]
Analitis, Antonis [3 ]
Samoli, Evangelia [3 ]
Fuller, Gary W. [4 ]
Green, David C. [4 ]
Mudway, Ian S. [4 ]
Anderson, Hugh R. [1 ,2 ,4 ]
Kelly, Frank J. [4 ]
机构
[1] Univ London, Populat Hlth Res Inst, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, England
[2] Univ London, MRC PHE Ctr Environm & Hlth, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, England
[3] Univ Athens, Sch Med, Dept Hyg Epidemiol & Med Stat, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
[4] Kings Coll London, MRC PHE Ctr Environm & Hlth, London WC2R 2LS, England
关键词
mortality; short-term associations; time-series analysis; traffic-related pollution; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; MEASUREMENT ERROR; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TEMPORAL PATTERN; PARTICLE NUMBER; BLACK CARBON; HEALTH; ASSOCIATIONS;
D O I
10.1038/jes.2015.65
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Epidemiological studies have linked daily concentrations of urban air pollution to mortality, but few have investigated specific traffic sources that can inform abatement policies. We assembled a database of >100 daily, measured and modelled pollutant concentrations characterizing air pollution in London between 2011 and 2012. Based on the analyses of temporal patterns and correlations between the metrics, knowledge of local emission sources and reference to the existing literature, we selected, a priori, markers of traffic pollution: oxides of nitrogen (general traffic); elemental and black carbon(EC/BC) (diesel exhaust); carbon monoxide (petrol exhaust); copper (tyre), zinc (brake) and aluminium (mineral dust). Poisson regression accounting for seasonality and meteorology was used to estimate the percentage change in risk of death associated with an interquartile increment of each pollutant. Associations were generally small with confidence intervals that spanned 0% and tended to be negative for cardiovascular mortality and positive for respiratory mortality. The strongest positive associations were for EC and BC adjusted for particle mass and respiratory mortality, 2.66% (95% confidence interval: 0.11, 5.28) and 2.72% (0.09, 5.42) per 0.8 and 1.0 mu g/m(3), respectively. These associations were robust to adjustment for other traffic metrics and regional pollutants, suggesting a degree of specificity with respiratory mortality and diesel exhaust containing EC/BC.
引用
收藏
页码:125 / 132
页数:8
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