Association Between Smoking and Periodontal Disease

Objective: To study the association between tobacco smoke and periodontal disease. Study Design: Case-control study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Dentistry, Sardar Begum Dental Hospital and Khyber College of Dentistry Peshawar from 1st July 2019 to 31st December 2019. Methodology: Three hundred patients of age 20 to 50. Patients presenting with different dental problems were taken. Patient having any congenital anomalies, diabetes, blood dyscrasias, medication, malnutrition, immune system disorders and another systemic disease, parafunctional habits like bruxism, attrition, nail-biting, malocclusion, chemical and mechanical irritants, edentulous patients, tobacco chewers were excluded. Results: Smokers with periodontal disease were 57.3% and non-smokers without periodontal disease were 70.6% the result was significant p-value was 0.0001. Periodontal disease with different level of smoking like nonsmokers, light smokers, moderate smokers and heavy smokers the result was significant p-value was 0.0001. Conclusion: Smokers experienced more periodontal diseases as compared to non-smokers.