This study compared the personality characteristics of male current smokeless tobacco users (N=202), former users (N=222), and nonusers (N=200) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Differences were found between smokeless tobacco users and non-users, but not between current and former users. Current and former users had significantly higher scores than nonusers on the EPQ and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Future research should continue to focus on important environmental and social determinants of smokeless tobacco use and their interaction with personality factors.