Matrix metalloproteinase 1 promoter polymorphisms and risk of myocardial infarction: a case-control study in a Spanish population

Objectives Inherited and acquired risk factors contribute to the development of the atherosclerotic lesion and its most common clinical manifestation, myocardial infarction (MI). Multiple studies have suggested a role for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in atherosclerosis, and several functional polymorphisms in the MMP-1 gene have been linked to the risk of MI. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between MMP-1 promoter polymorphisms and early MI in a Spanish cohort. Methods We carried out a case-control study with 261 unrelated patients who had suffered an MI before 55 years of age and 194 healthy controls, all male and smokers. The genotypes for the three MMP-1 promoter polymorphisms - 1607 1G/2G, - 519 A/G, and - 340 T/C were determined through PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Allefic, genotypic, and haplotypic frequencies were statistically compared between groups. Results Frequencies of the three polymorphisms did not differ between patients and controls. The - 1607 1G/2G and -519 A/G variants were in linkage disequilibrium. Analysis of the haplotype frequencies showed significant associations of the 2G(-1607)-G(-519)-T-340 (odds ratio = 2.40; 95% confidence interval = 1.27-4.55; P<0.006) and 1G(-1607)-G(-519)-T-340 (odds ratio=0.68; 95% confidence interval=0.50-0.94; P<0.05) haplotypes with the risk of early MI. Conclusion MMP-1 promoter polymorphisms are associated with the risk of early MI in a Spanish population of smoking males. Coron Artery Dis 20:383-386 (C) 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.