Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Endemic Phlomis sieheana Rech. From Bingol (Turkey)

Phlomis sieheana Rech. is a native plant belongs to Lamiaceae family; which can use in modern medicine and in different industries for its essential oils. The chemical composition essential oils of Phlomis sieheana was analyzed by GC-MS. Eventually fifty six components, representing 89.6% of the total oil were identified. The main compounds of P. sieheana were determined as beta-caryophyllene (10.8%), germacrene D (15.6%) and alpha-pinene (7.8%). The chemical distribution of the essential oil compounds in the genus pattern discussed in means of natural products. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated against seven Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6337, Brevibacillus brevis, Bacillus megaterium DSM 32, Bacillus subtilis IM 622, Bacillus cereus EMC 19, Staphylococcus aureus 6538 P, Listeria monocytogenes NCTC 5348) and the nine Gram negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium NRRLE 4413, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Enterobacter aerogenes CCM 2531, Klabsiella pneumoniae EMCS, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Proteus vulgaris FMC II, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 50070, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella enterica ATCC 13311) using the disc diffusion method. It was found that the oil exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against all of the tested microorganisms.