Research Progress of Non-coding RNA Regulates Osteoblast-like Phenotype Transformation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

The main functions of terminally differentiated vascular smooth muscle cells are contracting vessel, regulating vessel diameter and blood pressure, etc. Under the action of hyperphosphatemia, hyperglycemia, vitamin D-3, inflammation and other factors, vascular smooth muscle cells are transformed into osteoblast-like cells to participate in vascular calcification, which induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events. Non-coding RNA is a general term for a variety of RNA types that transcribed from the human genome but lacking the ability to encode proteins. Non-coding RNA participates in the body's physiological and pathological processes by regulating various cell activities. Studies have shown that non-coding RNA can affect the occurrence and development of vascular calcification by regulating the osteoblast-like phenotype transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells. This article reviews the regulatory role of non-coding RNA in osteoblast-like phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle and vascular calcification from the aspects of microRNA, long noncoding RNA and circular RNA, which is helpful to further understand the molecular mechanism of vascular calcification and find new targets for the prevention and treatment of vascular calcification.