Developing a "culture of disaster preparedness": The citizens' view

This study investigated the potential for citizens developing ?cultures of disaster preparedness?, which are informed by citizens? values and experiences rather than imposed from ?above?. Based on previous research we conducted during Citizen Summits in Romania, Malta, Italy and Germany, we developed a set of recommendations, which were evaluated during two final Citizen Summits held in Portugal and the Netherlands, using an electronic audience response system and focus group discussions. The results point at three main strategies, which can be expected to foster a ?soft? cultural change towards disaster preparedness over time: (1) encouraging measures that build upon already existing cultural values and daily routines; (2) organising preparednessrelated activities that are designed as part of citizens? everyday-life events; and (3) improving perceived selfefficacy by demonstrating how citizens? already existing, personal everyday skills can be harnessed in disaster situations.