The vulnerability paradox in global mental health and its applicability to suicide

被引:31
|
作者
Duckers, Michel L. A. [1 ,2 ]
Reifels, Lennart [3 ]
De Beurs, Derek P. [1 ]
Brewin, Chris R. [4 ]
机构
[1] Nivel Netherlands Inst Hlth Serv Res, Otterstr 118-124, NL-3513 CR Utrecht, Netherlands
[2] Arq Psychotrauma Expert Grp, Impact Natl Knowledge & Advice Ctr Psychosocial C, Diemen, Netherlands
[3] Monash Univ, Accid Res Ctr, Clayton, Vic, Australia
[4] Universty Coll London, Dept Clin Educ & Hlth Psychol, Clin Psychol, London, England
关键词
Suicide; transcultural psychiatry; epidemiology; CROSS-NATIONAL PREVALENCE; RISK-FACTORS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ORGANIZATION; DISORDER;
D O I
10.1192/bjp.2019.41
中图分类号
R749 [精神病学];
学科分类号
100205 ;
摘要
Background Previous research has identified a vulnerability paradox in global mental health: contrary to positive associations at the individual level, lower vulnerability at the country level is accompanied by a higher prevalence in a variety of mental health problems in national populations. However, the validity of the paradox has been challenged, specifically for bias from modest sample sizes and reliance on a survey methodology not designed for cross-national comparisons. Aims To verify whether the paradox applies to suicide, using data from a sizable country sample and an entirely different data source. Method We combined data from the World Health Organization 2014 suicide report and the country vulnerability index from the 2016 World Risk Report. Suicide was predicted in different steps based on gender, vulnerability and their interaction, World Bank income categories, and suicide data quality. Results A negative association between country vulnerability and suicide prevalence in both women and men was found. Suicide rates were higher for men, regardless of country vulnerability. The model predicting suicide in 96 countries based on gender, vulnerability, income and data quality had the best goodness-of-fit compared with other models. The vulnerability paradox is not accounted for by income or data quality, and exists across and within income categories. Conclusions The study underscores the relevance of country-level factors in the study of mental health problems. The lower mental disorder prevalence in more vulnerable countries implies that living in such countries fosters protective factors that more than compensate for the limitations in professional healthcare capacity. Declaration of interest None.
引用
收藏
页码:588 / 593
页数:6
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