Rheological and optical properties of polypropylene filled with synthetic silicates and calcium carbonate

The rheology of PP filled with three different types of fillers, namely synthetic sodium aluminium silicate (SSAS), aluminium silicate (AS) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3), at concentrations up to 40% was studied. Variation of shear and extensional viscosity was evaluated for all the compositions. When filler loading was less than 20%, the shear viscosity at low shear rates was less than that of vir-in PP. Flow curves are described by the Ellis model. The onset of non-Newtonian shear thinning behaviour is related to parameter eta (0)/tau (1/2). Although fillers are white, they imparted a yellowish tone at lower loadings. At higher loadings, this yellowing effect was masked, yielding a lower yellowness index.