Tourist Potential of the Historical Industrial City. Case of Boryslav, Ukraine

The cities formed on the basics of the development of mining industry in the 2nd half of the 19-th - early 20-th centuries are considered to be an extremely interesting realm for urban planning as well as for architectural research. Their life cycle was mainly driven by the rapid (sometimes short-lived) development of industrial production, which led to the specific spatial, planning and functional structuring of the urban environment. Such cities have often faced with the problem of their degradation and decline as a result of the depletion of natural resources. The city of Boryslav situated in Western Ukraine is uniquely located in the industrial oil, gas and ozocerite fields. The purpose of the article is to trace the formation of architectural and urban features of the environment of Boryslav, to analyze the post-industrial transformations at different historical stages in the XX - XXI centuries, to outline the directions of creating the program of the future city. Forming the city of Boryslav in the early 20-th century as the centre of world oil industry has had both the positive and negative sides. On the one hand, mining has contributed to rapid territorial and demographic development and this promoted construction of high-quality public and residential buildings. However, these building solutions were mostly local and aimed at solving tactical social problems without taking into account the complex of strategic social, architectural-urban planning and infrastructure problems. The subsequent decline of industrial development in the interwar and Soviet periods led to the "continuation of the present'' - the maintenance of the vitality of the urban organism according to the primary scheme and the logic of its emergence with ideological corrections at each of the historical stages. Today's existing industrial past has also not been a key to Boryslav's successful development, although the objective reasons can be an integral part of this process. So, there arises the question of the ways of city further development. Therefore, the proposed study is not only of historical interest but also of a considerable practical importance in determining the prospects for urban development. Consideration of the city as an artefact of industrial civilization makes it possible to comprehend it from the point of view of the value of industrial heritage as a potential tourist object and, at the same time, as a comfortable space for the life of its inhabitants.