Influence of applied magnetic field on nonlinear mixed convective nanoliquid flow past a permeable rough cone

The concept of magnetohydrodynamic nonlinear mixed convective nanoliquid flow over a vertical rough cone finds applications in science and engineering fields, especially in aerospace and thermal engineering as well as in other designing and manufacturing processes. In the present investigation, the cone surface roughness, which arises during the manufacturing processes, is modelled using sine wave forms. A uniform magnetic field is applied to analyse its impact on the transport characteristics of the flow. The study of such flow problems involving physical parameters such as nonlinear convection, permeable roughness, nanoparticles and external magnetic field is an innovative approach. The flow problem is modelled using nonlinear coupled partial differential equations which are transformed into dimensionless form by using Mangler's non-similar transformations. The resulting equations are solved by utilizing the quasilinearization technique in combination with the implicit finite difference scheme. Effects of the different physical parameters on profiles and gradients are analysed by the graphical representations. Findings show that the higher values of the nonlinear mixed convection parameter will increase nanofluid velocity and magnitude of the coefficient of surface friction. Prominent sinusoidal oscillations are found in the surface gradients away from the apex of the cone due to the surface roughness effects.