A Survey of Trends of Building Fire Simulation in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) Domains

Fire has been one of the main disasters of human society for centuries. Although professional practitioners and scholars have conducted a lot of research and experimental work on building fire simulation and related development, the trends for fire-related deaths and economic loss in the United States have increased in the past decade. On the other hand, the emergence of new building forms and the needs of special building functions expose building fire simulation to new challenges and problems. This paper provides a survey of the state-of-the-art works on building fire simulations by investigating the research that has been conducted in this field from 2015 to 2020. This review reveals that the fire simulation of high-rise and public buildings (e.g., subway stations and museums) has received more attention from researchers than others. This paper also summarizes the latest technological advances in this field. The results of this paper will help professional practitioners and scholars to identify challenges and problems to inform future studies.