Clinical predictors of retinal detachment after open globe injury

Background: A retinal detachment after open globe injury has important prognostic and therapeutic implications. Material and Methods: To determine whether retinal detachment following open globe injury could be predicted by clinical factors, we retrospectively evaluated 52 patients (52 eyes) with open globe injury admitted to our department. The Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology System was used. Only patients wich open eye injuries were evaluated. The results were registrated during the 7 days after the accident. Results: In the week after the open globe injury, retinal detachment was present in 40.3%. 100% of the patients with previous cataract operation (with IOL) developed a retinal detachment (p < 0.01). Retinal detachment also correlated significantly with visual acuity less than hand mouvement and retained intraocular foreign bodies. 19 (95%) of the 20 patients with a visual acuity less than hand mouvement had retinal detachment versus only 2 (9%) patients with visual acuity of hand mouvement or better (p < 0.01). 6 (66.6%) of the 9 patients with intraocular foreign bodies had retinal detachment compared to 15 (34.8%) of the 46 patients without intraocular foreign bodies (p = 0.01). Logistic regression analysis confirmed this variables as independent predictors of retinal detachment. Conclusion: We conclude that previous cataract operation, visas less than hand mouvement and the presence of intraocular foreign bodies are predictive to retinal detachment.