A Detailed Review on Electric Vehicles Battery Thermal Management System

Conventional fuels operated an internal combustion engines are the major sources of carbon emissions and it causes environmental degradation. Electric Vehicles (EVs) offers best efficient and cost effective solution for the above said issue, if the battery charging done by renewable energy conversion base routes when compared to conventional based route. EVs are using lithium-ion batteries for energy storage and it have many challenges like low efficiency at low and high temperatures, decline of electrode's life at high temperature and safety concerns related to thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries are the directly impact on performance, reliability, cost and safety of the vehicle. Overheating caused by electron's movements during chemical reactions during the charging and discharging process in elevated temperatures can lead to fatal destruction of the batteries. Hence an efficient battery thermal management system (BTMS) is one of the most necessary technologies for success of the electric vehicles in the long term. Hence, in this review paper, various types of battery thermal management system along with opportunities for advancement are reviewed. It is concluded that there is a lot of scope for future research in the BTMS for electric vehicles.