Image copy-move forgery detection based on dynamic threshold with dense points

Copy-move tampering is one of the most popular tampering techniques at present. The tampered region of the image has good fusion with the original image, which increases the difficulty of detection. After years of research, the current detection method based on key points still has the following problems: 1) Failure to achieve forgery detection of small areas/self-similar areas/smooth areas, 2) Lack of reasonable feature point extraction methods, 3) The various stages of copy-move forgery detection (CMFD) work are relatively independent and lack close connections, 4) A fixed threshold is used as the region of interest similarity metric in the matching and localization stages. The failure to consider tampered images and the diversity of tampered regions leads to the limited detection capability of the algorithm. Considering the actual situation of tampering with the picture, to solve the above problems, we propose a copy-move forgery detection method based on the dynamic threshold. First, we determine the point extraction strategy in each super pixel block according to the size of the simple line interface calculation (SLIC) super pixel block and the Weber local descriptor (WLD) descriptor to ensure the reasonable allocation of feature points and reduce unnecessary points. These key points are then characterized by the scaling, flip and rotation invariants of the fractional general Jacobi-Fourier moments (FJFMs). Then, the matching and mismatch filtering thresholds of each feature point are determined through the WLD and SLIC features, and the SLIC feature is used to replace the distance threshold to improve the detection accuracy of small manufacturing areas. Finally, based on the matching results and SLIC features, an effective positioning method is proposed to improve the speed and accuracy of positioning. Experimental results show that the proposed al-gorithm is superior to the classic methods in recent years in terms of time and accuracy.