Association between Recreational Screen Time and Sleep Quality among Adolescents during the Third Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada

The study objective was to verify whether recreational screen time was associated with sleep quality among adolescents during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. Data collection took place in four high schools in the region of Chaudiere-Appalaches (Quebec, Canada) from the end of April to mid-May 2021. Recreational screen time and sleep quality were measured using the French versions of validated questionnaires specifically designed for adolescents. A total of 258 adolescents (14-18 years; 66.3% girls) answered the online survey. Adolescent boys had a higher total mean recreational screen time (454.3 +/- 197.5 vs. 300.5 +/- 129.3 min/day, p < 0.0001) and a higher total mean sleep quality score (4.2 +/- 0.9 vs. 3.9 +/- 0.8, p = 0.0364) compared to girls. Recreational screen time (beta = -0.0012, p = 0.0005) and frequency of concurrent screen use (sometimes: beta = -0.3141, p = 0.0269; often: beta = -0.4147, p = 0.0048; almost always or always: beta = -0.6155, p = 0.0002) were negatively associated with sleep quality while being a boy (beta = 0.4276, p = 0.0004) was positively associated with sleep quality and age (p = 0.6321) was not. This model explained 16% of the variance in adolescents' sleep quality. Public health interventions during and after the COVID-19 pandemic should target recreational screen time, concurrent screen use and especially girls to possibly improve sleep quality and promote adolescents' physical and mental health.