A Review on Autonomous Rescue Navigation System Using Wireless Sensor Networks

A navigation system can be defined as a device which will help the user to reach the destination without any obstruction or which will prevent a user from moving into a dangerous area. So in an emergency situation a navigation system or service can also be used to navigate the people to safe exits by keeping them away from the hazardous area and reduce the casualty. This type of navigation systems are mainly useful when an emergency situation arises in buildings (like shopping malls, residential flats, multi-storeyed buildings etc.) where the evacuation procedure is a complex task. In such situations the evacuation has to be donned as earlier as possible by showing the safest and shortest exist path to the usersto keep them away from hazard. These systems are a combination of wireless sensor nodes and computer based system used for route optimization, alert notification and automatic decision making. This paper is a detailed study about the existing navigation systems which works under various environmental dynamics.