Theater After the Second World War: Comparative Analysis of the Beckett Absurd Theater and the Butoh Avant-Garde Theater

The purpose of this article is to reveal how the greatest conflict of the twentieth century has affected the human consciousness and how this change was manifested in the artistic form of expression through language and body on the stage of the theater. Two examples in different civilizations have been chosen as the subject of the study: Samuel Beckett's absurd theater in the West and the Butoh avant-garde theater in Japan, which are compared on the basis of Vytautas Kavolis civilization analysis methodology. Within the chosen forms of theater as a way of artistic creation and social protest, one can try to trace the change of consciousness in the very civilizations. The question is, whether these forms of theatre signify a change of consciousness associated with moral and intellectual responsibility or whether it is an existential effort to perceive being in the wrong world or ir is mercy for those who have survived the war?